Basics of Ultrasound
(Ultrasound Experimental Set 1)
With this set, experiments can be carried out on the fundamental physical-technical principles of ultrasound technology and its application in medicine, natural and engineering science. Here, reference is made to both the introduction of the basic technical terms of echoscope measuring technology as well as to the essential physical characteristics of ultrasound.
Lab Experiments:
-
PHY01 Basics of pulse echo method (A-Scan)
-
PHY02 Sound velocity in solids
-
PHY06 Frequency dependence of resolution power
-
PHY08 Ultrasonic B-Scan
-
IND01 Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
-
IND03 Level measurement
Ultrasound in Medicine (Ultrasound Experimental Set 2)
This set has been developed for medical vocational training for students at technical colleges and at medical-technical subjects. The main subject focus is upon the application of ultrasound technology in medical diagnostics.
In assembling the experiments, great importance has been attached to, above all, comprehensive conveying of fundamental knowledge, before the different diagnostic ultrasound techniques such as A-Scan, B-Scan and M-mode are explained in further experiments.
Lab Experiments:
-
PHY01 Basics of pulse echo method (A-Scan)
-
PHY06 Frequency dependence of resolution power
-
PHY08 Ultrasonic B-Scan
-
MED01 Ultrasonic TM-mode (echocardiography)
-
MED02 Ultrasonic imaging at breast phantom (mammasonography)
-
MED04 Biometry at the eye phantom
Echo signals at the eye phantom and their origins
Screen capture of the AScan software in TM mode
B-Scan of the first tumour
Ultrasound in Material Science and Engineering (Ultrasound Experimental Set 3)
One main field of application of ultrasound is the non-destructive testing (NDT). Ultrasound testing has here become established as a standard procedure for the analysis of material faults, such as cracks, cavities, gas bubbles and inhomogeneities, in an extremely wide variety of materials, such as metals, plastics or composites. A large number of methods have been developed for performing the individual testing tasks.
With this experimental set, some of the most common ultrasound testing methods, such as e.g. the pulse echo method and the through-transmission method, angle beam testing and the TOFD procedure, are explained and applied to different material samples.
Lab Experiments:
-
PHY01 Basics of pulse echo method (A-Scan)
-
PHY06 Frequency dependence of resolution power
-
IND01 Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
-
IND03 Level measurement
-
IND06 Angle beam testing
-
IND07 Crack depth determination (TOFD)
Amplitude scan with echos from a discontinuity and the test block bottom
Measurement values and calibration curves
Pulse echo method in comparison with TOFD method
Experiments:
PHY01 Basics of pulse echo method (A-Scan) 脈衝回波法基礎
Examination of a sample with built-in discontinuities by means of the pulse echo method
Investigation of the acoustic attenuation in different liquids in dependence on the sound path
PHY07 Shear waves in solids 固體中的剪切波
Investigation of the formation and propagation of longitudinal and shear acoustic waves in solids based upon the ultrasonic transmission through a plane parallel plate at different angles of incidence
PHY10 Characteristics of Sound Field 聲場特性
Investigation of the sound field of an ultrasonic probe in water using a hydrophone
PHY13 Ultrasonic Doppler Effect 超聲多普勒效應
Basics of flow measurements on the basis of the ultrasonic Doppler effect
PHY17 Acousto-Optical Modulation at Standing Waves 駐波聲光調製
Investigation of the acousto-optical effect of the amplitude and phase modulation of light diffracted at a standing ultrasonic wave
PHY21 Reflection and transmission at boundaries 邊界反射和傳輸
Investigation of the effect of reflection and transmission of ultrasonic waves at boundaries, Determination of the reflection coefficient
PHY24 Thermoacoustic sensor 熱聲傳感器
Introduction into the problem of the power measurement of ultrasound using the example of the thermoacoustic sensor
MED03 Basics of Doppler sonography 多普勒超聲基礎
Acquiring the physical and signal-theoretical basics for blood flow examinations by means of the ultrasonic Doppler effect (Doppler sonography)
MED06 Peripheral Doppler blood pressure measurement 外周多普勒血壓測量
Demonstration of the relationship between blood pressure measurements and blood flow examinations by means of the ultrasonic Doppler method
MED09 Mamma sonography 乳房超聲檢查
Examination of realistic breast models with cysts and tumors using ultrasound B-image method
IND02 Detection of cracks with Rayleigh waves 用瑞利波檢測裂縫
Examination and propagation of Rayleigh waves along an aluminum test block
IND05 Doppler flow measurement 多普勒流量測量
Investigation of the dependence of the Doppler frequency on the flow for a fixed arrangement as regards pipe diameter and Doppler angle
IND08 Detection of discontinuities 不連續性檢測
Analysis of applicability and performance of different discontinuity locating techniques of non-destructive testing with ultraound using a test block with different types of discontinuities (defects)
PHY02 Sound velocity in solids 固體聲速
Determination of the longitudinal sound velocity in acrylic at two different sound frequencies
PHY05 Spectral investigations 光譜調查
Demonstration of the difference between the spectrum of a pulse and the spectra of periodic signals using the simple model of multiple reflection at a plate
PHY08 Ultrasonic B-Scan 超聲波 B 掃描
Demonstration of the basics of the B-scan method by recording the ultrasonic cross-sectional image of a simple test object “by hand” using an ultrasonic echoscope
PHY11 Debye-Sears Effect 德拜-西爾斯效應
Diffraction of light at a standing ultrasonic wave (Debye-Sears effect) in a liqui
PHY15 Fluid Mechanics 流體力學
Demonstration of fundamental fluid laws during flow measurements using the ultrasonic Doppler effect
PHY19 Phase and Group Velocity 相位和群速度
Investigation of the phase and group velocity of an ultrasonic wave in water
PHY22 Phase shift and resonance effects 相移和共振效應
Recording of ultrasonic signals from reflections at boundaries of different materials and analysis regarding their phase position
MED01 Ultrasonic TM-mode (echocardiography) 超聲 TM 模式(超聲心動圖)
Simulation of the movement of the cardiac wall with a simple heart model, examination by means of the time-motion method (TM-mode, echocardiography), determination of heart rate and cardiac output
MED04 Biometry at the eye phantom 眼部模型的生物測量
Measurement of times of flight at an eye phantom as a typical biometric ultrasonic application
MED07 Ultrasonic-Test-Phantom 超聲波測試體模
Examination of an ultrasound test phantom with a normal beam probe and/or an array probe. Assessment of accuracy and performance of the ultrasound system in terms of resolution, dead zone
MED10 Gallbladder ultrasound 膽囊超聲
Examination of a gallbladder model with serveral pathologies using the ultrasound B-image method
IND03 Level measurement 液位測量
Installation of an ultrasonic level measurement for a two-phase liquid tank of any desired shape
IND06 Angle beam testing 角梁測試
Demonstration of the use of ultrasonic angle beam probes for localizing discontinuities
IND09 Transit time flow meter 時差流量計
Flow measurements using the ultrasonic transit time method
PHY03 Acoustic attenuation in solids 固體聲衰減
Determination of the attenuation of an ultrasonic wave on its way through a medium
PHY06 Frequency dependence of resolution power 分辨率的頻率依賴性
Investigation of the axial resolution power of two ultrasonic probes of different frequency based on two small and closely spaced discontinuities
PHY09 Ultrasonic computer tomography (CT) 超聲計算機斷層掃描
Demonstration of the formation of an ultrasonic CT scan
PHY12 Projection of Standing Waves 駐波投影
Projection of a standing ultrasonic wave in a liquid by means of divergent laser ligh
PHY16 Mechanical Scan Methods 機械掃描方法
Recording of ultrasonic B-scan images of a simple test object with two ultrasonic probes of different frequencies using a computer controlled scanner
PHY20 Determination of focus zone 焦點區域的確定
Characterization of the sound fields of two ultrasonic probes of different frequencies by scanning reflection and transmission with a hydrophone (near field length, focus zone, axial resolution power)
PHY23 Dispersion of ultrasonic waves (Lamb waves) 超聲波的色散(拉姆波)
Investigation of the phenomenon of formation and propagation of guided ultrasonic waves (Lamb waves)
MED02 Ultrasonic imaging at breast phantom (mammasonography) 乳房模型的超聲成像(乳房超聲檢查)
Examination of a realistic breast phantom with tumors and their localization and estimation of their size in the B-scan method
MED05 Vascular ultrasound (angiology) 血管超聲(血管學)
Demonstration of blood flow examinations by means of the ultrasonic Doppler method using a realistic arm phantom, Presentation of the differences between continuous venous and pulsatile arterial flow
MED08 Ultrasonic-Fetus-Phantom 超聲波-胎兒-體模
Simulation of biometric measurements as carried out during pregnancy, Examination of image artefacts
IND01 Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) 無損檢測
To localize and determine the size of discontinuities in accordance with the pulse echo method
IND04 Concentration measurement with resonance cell 使用共振池進行濃度測量
Investigation of the dependence of the sound velocity in a salt solution upon the concentration
IND07 Crack depth determination (TOFD) 裂紋深度測定
Crack depth determination upon an aluminum test block with defined cracks